HMGB1 and ischemia: Liu found that salvianolic acid B activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit HMGB1 release, reduced the activity of the myocardial enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and CK-MB, inhibited the release of inflammatory factors, and reduced myocardial infarct size, thereby exerting protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat hearts [80,81].