P-407 is a nonionic surfactant that has been found to inhibit lipoprotein lipase, an enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of triglycerides, and to enhance the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, resulting in acute hyperlipidemia that can cause atherosclerosis [37,38,39]. The gene discussed is LPL; the disease is hyperlipidemia.