DDIT3 and ischemia: Valdecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor commonly used in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, was shown in an investigation to suppress apoptosis in ischemia/reperfusion-induced glaucoma-like damaged cells of rats by blocking the ATF4-CHOP axis [262], thereby preventing CHOP-induced ROS-formation [127].