Mtb infection reduced AMPK and SIRT1 expression as well as their activity in macrophages and the treatment with AMPK (i.e., metformin) or SIRT1 activators (i.e., resveratrol) enhanced macrophage anti-mycobacterial function in vitro and reduced the bacterial load and TB immune pathology in a mouse model of TB [96]. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is tuberculosis.