With each 10% increase in the carbohydrate energy percentage, serum Klotho concentrations significantly varied in younger individuals (percent change = 2.07%, 95% CI: 0.99%, 3.17%), males (percent change = 1.86%, 95% CI: 0.79%, 2.94%), non-obese individuals (percent change = 2.00%, 95% CI: 0.84%, 3.17%) and those without diabetes (percent change = 1.64%, 95% CI: 0.72%, 2.58%). This evidence concerns the gene KL and diabetes mellitus.