It is well known that FGF23 circulating levels are upregulated in chronic kidney disease, and we have shown recently that FGF23 per se does not exert a pro-inflammatory effect on the “healthy” bronchial epithelium, whereas the COPD epithelium shows increases in IL-1β when stimulated with FGF23. The gene discussed is FGF23; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.