Due to these facts, our study aims to assess the mRNA expression of cytokines such as interleukin 1-A, interleukin 1-B (IL1B, IL-1B), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN, IL-1RN), interleukin 6 (IL6, IL-6), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1, TGFβ-1), and Interferon-gamma (INFG, INF-γ) in penile cancer in comparison to healthy foreskins. Here, IL1RN is linked to penile cancer.