TNF and atherosclerosis: Cheung et al. analyzed the effect of anti-TNF therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, and six studies measured at least one parameter before and after treatment (24th and 52nd weeks), which included intima–media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and an augmentation index; they observed that anti-TNF therapy had no effect on all three parameters at the 24th week and on intima–media thickness at the 52nd week [124].