Fibrogenesis in IPF is known to be mainly mediated by abnormal release of profibrogenic factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), which promote myofibroblast differentiation/activation, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) [2] and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition [6]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.