It is possible to hypothesize that the association between these two disorders is, at least partly, mediated by shared metabolic disorders (such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity), and by a coexisting proinflammatory milieu, mainly due to the elevation of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [26]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is diabetes mellitus.