Another exploratory retrospective study with 20 high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients used TP53 mutations detected by sequencing of cfDNA extracted from serum following primary debulking surgery and found that a greater proportion of patients with non-optimal debulking (67%) had detectable ctDNA (cfDNA with TP53 mutations) compared to patients with optimal debulking (45%) [20]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma.