Interestingly, an in vitro proliferation assay indicated that overexpression of miR-503-5p significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs, thus improving atherosclerosis [184] and that miR-486-5p prevented endothelial dysfunction in association with an anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effect by targeting the nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) [185]. Here, NFAT5 is linked to endothelial dysfunction.