NOX4 and cardiac hypertrophy: Since NOX-4 is one of the seven members of NOX family, it functions as an oxygen sensor and a regulator for cell proliferation, migration and death, in which the increased level is involved in causing cancer metastasis and apoptosis, leading to the development of diverse diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy and other oxidative stress-related illnesses [40].