BRAF and lung adenocarcinoma: Specifically, in the most common histological subtype, lung adenocarcinoma, several genomic alterations in driver genes have been identified, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like protein 4 fused to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf (BRAF), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) factor, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2/ErbB2/neu), or ROS pro-to-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) [8,9].