Gaetani et al. [34] reviewed studies on neurofilament structure and function and provided a comprehensive overview of NfL as markers of axonal damage in different human neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative dementia, stroke, trauma brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.