Moreover, global DNA hypomethylation is observed in atherosclerotic lesions both in humans and in animal models [131,132], whereas the promoter regions of atherosclerotic protective genes such as estrogen receptor β, ABCA1 and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) are often hypermethylated in atherosclerosis [133]. The gene discussed is KLF4; the disease is atherosclerosis.