There are novel opportunities and promises in PH with innovative treatments (see Section 2.5.2) and for secondary hyperoxaluria by targeting endogenous precursors and endogenous production pathways (Section 2.1), targeting the absorption and secretion of oxalate in the gut (Section 2.2), development of nutritional interventions, microbiota modulators (Section 2.6.2), and new drugs to treat cardiometabolic disease (e.g., SGLT2i) (Section 3) and other putative novel targets such the inflammasome (Section 2.3.3), Nrf2 (Section 2.3.1), HIF or AhR pathway (Section 3). Here, NFE2L2 is linked to Hyperoxaluria.