It is well documented that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role via MYD88 (myeloid differentiation factor 88) or TRIF (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon -β) in host response to bacterial infection, mediating the innate immune response and activating signaling pathways to promote the inflammatory cascade. Here, TLR4 is linked to bacterial infectious disease.