IL1B and dementia: For example, one study showed higher serum levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-4 in MCI compared with healthy controls [58], while others found no correlation between systemic cytokine elevations and AD progression [63], or they determined that inflammation was more of an early rather than a late marker of AD based on the significantly higher levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-2 in MCI but not in dementia [45].