Another trial showed that curcumin promotes neuronal survival in vivo and in vitro by exerting neuroprotective effects against ischemia injury and also inhibiting ischemia-induced mitochondrial apoptosis by restricting B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl)-2-associated X protein (Bax) activation, which may be one of the possible mechanisms underlying curcumin’s neuroprotective effects [139]. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and ischemia.