Since PGC1α and oxidative phosphorylation genes are reduced in human T2D and glucose intolerant skeletal muscle [13,14], and PAK1 is implicated in whole body glucose homeostasis in vivo [22,33], we evaluated whether alterations to PAK1 levels might impact PGC1α levels. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.