GCA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: However, the present meta-analysis provided strong evidence for significant elevations in total BAs and 9 of 15 individual BAs (including UDCA, TCA, CDCA, TCDCA, GCA, GUDCA, GCDCA, TUDCA, and CA) in MASLD patients, indicating that increased BA exposure may be involved in the pathogenesis of MASLD.