Similarly, these was a significant increase in the percentage of BAL, large and small airway CD28nullCD8+ T cells, and CD28nullCD8+ NKT-like cells in COPD patients compared with the healthy control group (Table 2) but no change in CD28+CD8+ T and NKT-like cells or CD28nullCD8− (CD4+) T cells or NKT cells between the COPD and control groups (Table 2). The gene discussed is CD28; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.