In response to various physical and chemical stimuli, such as perturbed blood flow, excessive intramural pressure, oxidative stress, cellular damage, high levels of homocysteine, hyperlipidemia, toxic chemicals and bacterial/viral infections, it initiates endocrine, paracrine and autocrine functions to produce vasodilators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) and vasoconstrictors such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane-A2 (TXA2) [85]. This evidence concerns the gene EDN1 and viral infectious disease.