Regardless of the criteria, frail patient with AF was older, more female, had higher CHA2DS2-VASC and Charison Comorbidity Index score, more had heart failure, cognitive impairment, and malnutrition, had higher D-dimer and NT-proBNP, had larger left atrial diameter, took more oral medications, and had fewer interventional or surgical procedures. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and heart failure.