HDAC4 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: In agreement, fast glycolytic muscle fibers are the first and most susceptible to degeneration in early ALS stages (Atkin et al., 2005; Cohen et al., 2007), and HDAC4 has been involved in the denervation-dependent glycolysis failure in these fibers through muscle-specific enolase and phosphofructokinase gene repression (Tang et al., 2009).