Some studies have demonstrated that three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TMEM106B (risk allele) were identified as a risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-TDP in patients with the disease and resulted in the upregulation of TMEM106B mRNA expression in brain, suggesting that TMEM106B is a factor in the molecular pathogenesis of FTLD-TDP [74]. Here, TMEM106B is linked to frontotemporal dementia.