INS and Insulin resistance: As preptin levels were independently associated with metabolic parameters, such as diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and free fatty acids in the study of Yang et al. [5], and with Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), but not fasting insulin [12], preptin could be linked to insulin resistance and it was, therefore, further assessed in women with PCOS.