P. aeruginosa OMVs also carry Cif (CFTR Inhibitory Factor), a protein that interferes with the endocytic cycling of the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride ion channel in host epithelial cells [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53]. This evidence concerns the gene CFTR and cystic fibrosis.