NPPB and atrial fibrillation: The study enrolled 5050 patients with LVEF < 45%, elevated natriuretic peptide levels according to rhythm (BNP > 300 pg/mL or NT-proBNP > 1000 pg/mL in sinus rhythm and BNP > 500 pg/mL or NT-proBNP > 1600 pg/mL in patients with atrial fibrillation), and recent WHF.