GNRH1 and Kallmann syndrome: Additionally, hot flashes are maintained in postmenopausal women with Kallmann syndrome, a disorder in which GnRH neurons fail to differentiate and migrate from the olfactory mucosa to the hypothalamus, suggesting contributions of GnRH to temperature-sensitive neurons are likely negligible under typical physiological circumstances (Gambone et al., 1984; Rance et al., 2013).