qPCR analysis of the target genes of H3K18la lactylation indicated that the expression of the osteogenic genes COL1A2, COMP, ENPP1, and TCF7L2 was decreased in BMSCs isolated from patients with osteoporosis compared with that in BMSCs from patients without osteoporosis (Figure 8g). The gene discussed is COL1A2; the disease is osteoporosis.