Besides the above studies, in virus infection, EBV nucleoproteins EBNA3A, EBNA3B, and EBNA3C were found to be highly associated with the USP46-USP12 complex, and EBNA3A and EBNA3C are essential for EBV-mediated transformation of resting B lymphocytes into immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) [100]. This evidence concerns the gene USP12 and viral infectious disease.