The Hepa-RG cell cycle activity was analyzed, to investigate the effectiveness of the PA/OA ratio, using the cell clock assay in live cells after treatment for 12 h, with pristine exosomes or FAs loaded hybrid exosomes, as reported in Fig. 2C, D. A significant reduction of color intensity (**=P < 0.001) associated to the G2/M phases (dark green/blue cells) and S phase (light green cells) was observed in the cells treated with exosomes isolated from 60 NAFLD patients (NAFLD-Exo), as compared to controls (untreated cells). The gene discussed is CLOCK; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.