Importantly, the faecal PAI-1 concentration correlated with the endoscopic and clinical disease activity, and it was significantly higher in patients with endoscopically or clinically active disease compared with inactive patients and controls [endoscopically active IBD vs inactive IBD: 1.535 vs 0.215 ng/g, p <0,0001; endoscopically active IBD vs control: 1.535 vs 0.02 ng/g, p <0.0001; clinically active IBD vs inactive IBD: 1.45 vs 0.01 ng/g, p <0,0001; clinically active IBD vs control: 1.45 vs 0.02 ng/g, p <0.0001; Figure 6C, D]. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and irritable bowel syndrome.