CD47 and cancer: developed HMNVs for reinforcing antitumor immunity, where the hybrid nanovesicles were constructed by a fusion of two types of cellular vesicles which were derived from genetically engineered 4T1 and B16F10 cancer cells.[37] The resultant HMNVs expressed both high‐affinity SIRPa variants and PD‐1 that were inherited from their source cancer cells, making them suitable for dually blocking the CD47/SIRPα and PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathways.