In an ex vivo sporotrichosis model using peritoneal exudate cells challenged with S. schenckii cell wall peptide-polysaccharide complex, M2 macrophages were the most predominant population, and expressed arginase-I activity peaks as well as IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (Alegranci et al., 2013). The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is sporotrichosis.