In EAC, genetic alterations were detected in ERBB2, KRAS, SMAD4, and TACC3 genes, whereas ESCC exhibited alterations in CCDN1, NFE2L2, FGF19, FGF3, FGF4, NOTCH1, and CDKN2B genes. The gene discussed is SMAD4; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.