Beside the upper mentioned pathways, the anti-inflammatory activity exerted by DMF is also reliant on its agonism of the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2), as demonstrated in vivo in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (Chen et al., 2014). The gene discussed is HCAR2; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.