Downregulationof SIRT1 expression and decreased SIRT1 levels areassociated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases sincethese events might enhance oxidative stress and inflammation, whereasthe overexpression of SIRT1 supports protective effects (i.e., enhancedcell viability, decreased cell death, decreased proinflammatory cytokinelevels, increased antioxidant mechanisms, and regulated mitochondrialfunctions). This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and neurodegenerative disease.