TNF-α, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-2 are known to be active from the acute to the chronic stages of RA and may have the potential for therapeutic targeting [17]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and rheumatoid arthritis.