We found that the presence of VSMCs in co-culture with THP1 Mɸs, led to a dramatic induction of many genes in HCAECs involved in vascular inflammation (Fig. 3), including a striking induction of JAK3 (Fig. 4A) expression, which is a downstream kinase that is activated bymany pro-inflammatory cytokines, and is a known drug target for the treatment of inflammation-driven pathologies like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease22. This evidence concerns the gene JAK3 and rheumatoid arthritis.