TNF and Dravet syndrome: In addition, a study conducted by Sullivan et al. revealed a condition of chronic autoinflammation in DS with elevated levels of important inflammatory cytokines linked to IFN signaling, such as IL-6, TNF-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [38], which might explain why DS individuals are more prone to develop additional comorbidities [40].