In this scenario, our ongoing randomized phase II NIBIT-ML1 study (NCT04250246) in PD-1/-L1-resistant melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer patients will help to address the clinical and immunobiologic contribution of the addition of the HMA decitabine/cedazuridine (ASTX727) to ICI therapy. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is melanoma.