THEMIS and multiple sclerosis: These include celiac disease, multiple sclerosis, and atopic dermatitis in humans (Dubois et al, 2010; Sawcer et al, 2011; Bondar et al, 2014; Kim et al, 2015b), whereas Themis-deficient mice are more susceptible to pulmonary tuberculosis while being protected from cerebral malaria (Torre et al, 2015).