This is in line with studies showing that metabolism may play a more critical role in driving neurodegeneration than amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Hammond et al., 2020; Hammond and Lin, 2022), and that APOE4 carriers and non-carriers develop AD through different metabolic pathways (Hammond et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Alzheimer disease.