HSPA1A was found upregulated in oligodendrocytes, OPCs, pericytes, astrocytes, and excitatory cells of AD brains, and of oligodendrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells of PD brains (Fig. 3A, Additional file 3: Table S2, Additional file 4: Table S3). The gene discussed is HSPA1A; the disease is Alzheimer disease.