During viral infections and cancer, T cells undergo chronic antigen stimulation, leading to their exhausted cellular state.27 While T cell subsets have been linked to the action of immunotherapy, contradictory findings regarding the prognostic significance of CD8+ T cells in GC have been documented.28,29 Unbiased single-cell analyses will be required to temporally study their functional plasticity and crucial signatures. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and cancer.