While ADRN- and MES-type cells can spontaneously interconvert,16 ADRN cells are the most tumorigenic.15,17 ADRN tumors, encompassing both MYCN-amplified and non-amplified diseases, are stalled in a noradrenergic sympathetic neuronal precursor state maintained by CRC transcription factors including ASCL1, PHOX2B, GATA3, and HAND2. This evidence concerns the gene ASCL1 and colorectal carcinoma.