AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), one of the most important master regulator of energy metabolic homeostasis, could maintain cardiac function [14,15], prevent cardiac hypertrophy and HF [16–18] and orchestrates autophagy processes, including autophagosome formation [19,20] and autophagosome-lysosome fusion [21,22]. The gene discussed is PRKAA1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.